论文标题
如何投射到任意的单光子波袋上
How to Project onto an Arbitrary Single-Photon Wavepacket
论文作者
论文摘要
电磁场的时频自由度是单光子测量的最终边界。时间和频谱分布测量回顾（即IT投影的状态）取决于检测器的内在共振结构。在本文中，我们构建了具有高效率和低噪声的任意单光子波袋的理想和更现实的积极算法值（POVM）。我们讨论了超级分辨测量和量子通信的应用。在此过程中，我们将对整个照片检测过程进行完全量子的描述，为（原则上）进行单光限制的单光子的单次时频测量，并讨论单光子检测固有的基本限制和权衡。
The time-frequency degree of freedom of the electromagnetic field is the final frontier for single-photon measurements. The temporal and spectral distribution a measurement retrodicts (that is, the state it projects onto) is determined by the detector's intrinsic resonance structure. In this paper, we construct ideal and more realistic positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) that project onto arbitrary single-photon wavepackets with high efficiency and low noise. We discuss applications to super-resolved measurements and quantum communication. In doing so we will give a fully quantum description of the entire photo detection process, give prescriptions for (in principle) performing single-shot Heisenberg-limited time-frequency measurements of single photons, and discuss fundamental limits and trade-offs inherent to single-photon detection.
