论文标题

在最大恒星旋转上以形成一个黑洞,而没有伴随的发光瞬态

On the maximum stellar rotation to form a black hole without an accompanying luminous transient

论文作者

Murguia-Berthier, Ariadna, Batta, Aldo, Janiuk, Agnieszka, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Mandel, Ilya, Noble, Scott C., Everson, Rosa Wallace

论文摘要

通常认为具有低角度动量含量的巨大恒星的崩溃会导致形成一个黑洞,而没有伴随的明亮瞬态。我们在这封信中的目标是通过一般相对论的流体动力学模拟涉及积聚和旋转的新成型黑洞的流动,旨在研究无需形成中心支持的结构而无需产生有效的反馈的情况,旨在研究插入材料可以在不形成中心支持的结构的情况下堆积的条件。另一方面,如果黑洞的反馈是有意义的,那么崩溃将被停止,我们建议事件可能随后发生明亮的瞬态。我们发现,只有在最内向稳定的圆形轨道的特定角度动量超过该半径处的地质圆流的特定角度动量,至少超过了$ \%$ 20 \%$。我们使用模拟的结果来限制消失的大规模祖细胞PHL293B-LBV和N6946-BH1的最大恒星旋转速率,并提供了消失的大型恒星的整体速率。我们发现,大约几个具有测量旋转速度的单个O型恒星预计将在倒塌前旋转以下,因此预计无迹线消失。

The collapse of a massive star with low angular momentum content is commonly argued to result in the formation of a black hole without an accompanying bright transient. Our goal in this Letter is to understand the flow in and around a newly-formed black hole, involving accretion and rotation, via general relativistic hydrodynamics simulations aimed at studying the conditions under which infalling material can accrete without forming a centrifugally supported structure and, as a result, generate no effective feedback. If the feedback from the black hole is, on the other hand, significant, the collapse would be halted and we suggest that the event is likely to be followed by a bright transient. We find that feedback is only efficient if the specific angular momentum of the infalling material at the innermost stable circular orbit exceeds that of geodesic circular flow at that radius by at least $\approx 20\%$. We use the results of our simulations to constrain the maximal stellar rotation rates of the disappearing massive progenitors PHL293B-LBV and N6946-BH1, and to provide an estimate of the overall rate of disappearing massive stars. We find that about a few percent of single O-type stars with measured rotational velocities are expected to spin below the critical value before collapse and are thus predicted to vanish without a trace.

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