论文标题
二维和三维经典晶格的热化
Thermalization of two- and three-dimensional classical lattices
论文作者
论文摘要
系统是否以及如何达到热化是统计物理学的基本问题。尽管对于一维晶格，该问题已在超过半个世纪的能源方向上进行了深入的研究，但在两维晶格的情况下，很少有工作进行，因此对于更现实的晶格而言，尚不清楚热力化动力学尚不清楚。在这封信中，我们通过分析和数字研究这些晶格中能量放松的时间缩放。我们表明，按照通用方案，对于足够大的晶格，无论其尺寸，特定的晶格结构以及系统是否不变，能量的平选方案通常是在通用方案之后达到的。我们的结果在探索高级非线性的效果（即多光过程中的固体材料中的组合效应）方面具有实际意义。
Whether and how a system reaches thermalization is a fundamental issue of statistical physics. While for one-dimensional lattices this issue has been intensively studied in terms of energy equipartition for more than half a century, few work has been performed in the case of two- and three-dimensional lattices, and thus the thermalization dynamics remains unclear for more realistic lattices. In this Letter we investigate analytically and numerically the time-scaling of energy relaxation in these lattices. We show that the equipartition of energy is generally reached following a universal scheme for large enough lattices, regardless of its dimensionality, its specific lattice structure, and whether the system is translation invariant or not. Our results have practical significance in exploring the effect of high-order nonlinearities, i.e., the combining effect of multi-phonon process, in solid materials.
