论文标题
小,稀疏但实质性:使用稀疏的地面数据分割小农场的技术
Small, Sparse, but Substantial: Techniques for Segmenting Small Agricultural Fields Using Sparse Ground Data
论文作者
论文摘要
最近对数字农业(DA)的推动力已经重新开始了对农业领域自动描述的重大研究兴趣。解决此问题的大多数先前工作都集中在检测大型领域,而有充分的证据表明,全球大约40%的田地和亚洲和非洲的70%的田地很小。缺乏针对小领域的足够标记的图像,其颜色,纹理和形状的巨大变化以及将它们分开的微弱边界线,因此很难开发出一种用于检测此类领域的端到端学习模型。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一种多阶段方法,该方法结合了机器学习和图像处理技术。在第一阶段,我们利用最新的边缘检测算法,例如整体圈的边缘检测(HED)来提取第一级轮廓和多边形。在第二阶段,我们提出了图像处理技术,以识别非场,过度分割或噪声的多边形并消除它们。下一阶段通过基于新型的“切点”技术和局部二级边缘检测的组合来铲除细分段,以获得单个包裹。由于几个小的,无编工但植被或构造的口袋可以散布在主要是农田的地区,因此在最后阶段,我们会训练一个分类器,用于将上一个阶段的每个包裹识别为农业领域。在使用高分辨率图像的评估中,我们表明我们的方法在具有较大磁场且准确性合理的区域的高分评分为0.84,而在具有小田地的区域的F得分为0.73,这令人鼓舞。
The recent thrust on digital agriculture (DA) has renewed significant research interest in the automated delineation of agricultural fields. Most prior work addressing this problem have focused on detecting medium to large fields, while there is strong evidence that around 40\% of the fields world-wide and 70% of the fields in Asia and Africa are small. The lack of adequate labeled images for small fields, huge variations in their color, texture, and shape, and faint boundary lines separating them make it difficult to develop an end-to-end learning model for detecting such fields. Hence, in this paper, we present a multi-stage approach that uses a combination of machine learning and image processing techniques. In the first stage, we leverage state-of-the-art edge detection algorithms such as holistically-nested edge detection (HED) to extract first-level contours and polygons. In the second stage, we propose image-processing techniques to identify polygons that are non-fields, over-segmentations, or noise and eliminate them. The next stage tackles under-segmentations using a combination of a novel ``cut-point'' based technique and localized second-level edge detection to obtain individual parcels. Since a few small, non-cropped but vegetated or constructed pockets can be interspersed in areas that are predominantly croplands, in the final stage, we train a classifier for identifying each parcel from the previous stage as an agricultural field or not. In an evaluation using high-resolution imagery, we show that our approach has a high F-Score of 0.84 in areas with large fields and reasonable accuracy with an F-Score of 0.73 in areas with small fields, which is encouraging.