论文标题
通过吸收氧气测试欧洲地球上的类似地球的大气进化：所需的样本量和基于年龄的目标选择的优势
Testing Earth-like atmospheric evolution on exo-Earths through oxygen absorption: required sample sizes and the advantage of age-based target selection
论文作者
论文摘要
随着时间的流逝，生活对地球大气的组成产生了巨大影响，这表明对其他居住的行星大气的统计研究可以揭示它们与生命的共同发展。尽管居住世界的许多进化途径是可能的，但可能的起始假设是，它们大多数与地球相似，我们提出的可能会导致居住的行星年龄与富含氧气大气的众多分数之间产生正面的“年龄氧相关性”。我们证明，当前正在考虑的下一代空间观测值可以检验这一假设，但前提是仔细考虑目标样本的恒星年龄分布。我们探索了年龄氧相关性的三个可能的参数化，发现它们产生了相似的结果。最后，我们研究了非生物氧源如何影响结果，并讨论如何测量氧气依赖性如何阐明它是否是可靠的生物签名。未来的努力可以通过结合陆地行星的氧化还原平衡及其对恒星和行星特性的依赖性的详细模型来扩展这一基础。
Life has had a dramatic impact on the composition of Earth's atmosphere over time, which suggests that statistical studies of other inhabited planets' atmospheres could reveal how they co-evolve with life. While many evolutionary pathways are possible for inhabited worlds, a possible starting hypothesis is that most of them evolve similarly to Earth, which we propose could lead to a positive "age-oxygen correlation" between the ages of inhabited planets and the fraction which have oxygen-rich atmospheres. We demonstrate that next-generation space observatories currently under consideration could test this hypothesis, but only if the stellar age distribution of the target sample is carefully considered. We explore three possible parameterizations of the age-oxygen correlation, finding that they yield similar results. Finally, we examine how abiotic oxygen sources could affect the results, and discuss how measuring the age-dependence of oxygen could shed light on whether it is a reliable biosignature. Future efforts can expand upon this groundwork by incorporating detailed models of the redox balance of terrestrial planets and its dependence on stellar and planetary properties.
