论文标题
X射线次余滴来自伽马射线爆发“大（R） - 角”发射
X-ray Afterglows from the Gamma-Ray Burst "Large(r)-Angle" Emission
论文作者
论文摘要
We derive basic analytical results for the timing and decay of the GRB-counterpart and delayed-afterglow light-curves for a brief emission episode from a relativistic surface endowed with angular structure, consisting of a uniform Core of size theta_c (Lorentz factor Gamma_c and surface emissivity i_nu are angle-independent) and an axially-symmetric power-law Envelope (Gamma ~ theta^{ - g}）。 在这种大角度发射（LAE）模型中，在迅速发射阶段（grb）在theta> theta_c的迅速发射阶段产生的辐射在爆发后良好到达观察者（延迟发射）。非常快速的GRB“尾巴”和平坦的余辉“高原”的动态时间段，以及Grb的形态以及GRB对应物/余辉的形态，都是由两个参数确定的：核心的参数gamma_c*theta_c*theta_c和Invelope的Lorentz因子Index g，导致了三个类型的ph，它显示了三个类型的ph，它显示了三个类型的ph，它显示了三个类型的ph，它显示了三个类型的ph，它显示了三个类型：高原/慢速季节，plate以后/正常赛），两个GRB阶段（2型：尾巴和快速末期），或仅一个（类型3：常规衰减）。 我们展示了如何使用X射线光曲线特征来确定核心和信封动态和光谱参数。 LAE模型的测试是使用1型1（060607A，061121）的Swift/XRT X射线发射，一个类型2（061110a）和3型（061007）的测试。我们发现，X射线与高原的余泽需要一个信封lorentz factor gamma〜theta^{ - 2}，并且需要一个共同的发射i_nu〜theta^2，因此，对于典型的余辉频谱频谱f_nu〜nu〜nu〜nu 〜nu^nu^{ - 1}，实验室 - frame-frame-frame-frame wisterceptions surpife and Surpife and Surpife and Uniptir and Unsitty and Unsitts and Unsitt and Unsitt and Unsitt and Unsitt and Unsitt and Unsitt。
We derive basic analytical results for the timing and decay of the GRB-counterpart and delayed-afterglow light-curves for a brief emission episode from a relativistic surface endowed with angular structure, consisting of a uniform Core of size theta_c (Lorentz factor Gamma_c and surface emissivity i_nu are angle-independent) and an axially-symmetric power-law Envelope (Gamma ~ theta^{-g}). In this Large-Angle Emission (LAE) model, radiation produced during the prompt emission phase (GRB) at angles theta > theta_c arrives at observer well after the burst (delayed emission). The dynamical time-range of the very fast-decaying GRB "tail" and of the flat afterglow "plateau", and the morphology of GRB counterpart/afterglow, are all determined by two parameters: the Core's parameter Gamma_c*theta_c and the Envelope's Lorentz factor index g, leading to three types of light-curves that display three post-GRB phases (type 1: tail, plateau/slow-decay, post-plateau/normal-decay), two post-GRB phases (type 2: tail and fast-decay), or just one (type 3: normal decay). We show how X-ray light-curve features can be used to determine Core and Envelope dynamical and spectral parameters. Testing of the LAE model is done using the Swift/XRT X-ray emission of two afterglows of type 1 (060607A, 061121), one of type 2 (061110A), and one of type 3 (061007). We find that the X-ray afterglows with plateaus require an Envelope Lorentz factor Gamma ~ theta^{-2} and a comoving-frame emissivity i_nu ~ theta^2, thus, for a typical afterglow spectrum F_nu ~ nu^{-1}, the lab-frame energy release is uniform over the emitting surface.
