论文标题
春节指向中国清洁空气的道路
Spring Festival points the way to cleaner air in China
论文作者
论文摘要
在中国春节（SF）期间，人类的移民是现代涉及世界人口的十分之一，占地球地表面积超过6％的人类中最大的集体人类活动。该节日导致空气污染物的排放量下降，导致大气组成对中国最受污染的地区的巨大变化。基于中国东部50个城市的2005 - 2019年卫星和原位测量，我们发现大气NO2污染在SF周内下降了〜40％，而细颗粒物（PM2.5）在下周下降了〜30％，这反映了前体发射对二次PM2.5次要pm2.5形成的预先发射控制的有效性。但是，尽管人类活动和排放率处于最低水平，但在SF期间，中国东部的空气污染仍然远远超过了其他全球污染热点。我们的分析表明，仅基于管道末端控制和行业升级的措施可能不足以满足空气质量目标。中国空气的进一步清洁从根本上取决于重工业升级和清洁能源过渡的可持续发展。
Human migration during the Chinese Spring Festival (SF) is the largest collective human activity of its kind in the modern era-involving about one-tenth of the world population and over six percent of the earth's land surface area. The festival results in a drop of air pollutant emissions that causes dramatic changes of atmospheric composition over China's most polluted regions. Based on satellite and in-situ measurements for the years 2005-2019 over 50 cities in eastern China, we find that the atmospheric NO2 pollution dropped by ~40% during the SF week, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) decreased by ~30% in the following week, reflecting the effectiveness of precursor emission controls on the mitigation of secondary PM2.5 formation. However, although human activity and emissions are at the lowest level, air pollution over eastern China during the SF still far exceeds that over other worldwide pollution hotspots. Our analyses suggest that measures based solely on end-of-pipe controls and industry upgrades may not suffice to meet air quality goals. Further cleaning of the air in China depends fundamentally on sustainable advances in both heavy industry upgrades and clean energy transition.
