论文标题
弱扰动的玻色气中的声波的形状
Shape of a sound wave in a weakly-perturbed Bose gas
论文作者
论文摘要
我们利用毛皮的质合剂方程来研究通过静态杂质在均匀的bose气体中产生的声发射。杂质激发了一个通过气体传播的声波包。我们在长波长的极限下计算此波数据包的形状，并认为可以通过观察该形状来提取杂质的性质。我们在这里说明了带有杂质原子的bose气体的可能性 - 相关实验设置的一个例子。对于非线性Schrödinger方程描述的所有一维系统，提出的结果都是一般的，也可以用于非原子系统，例如分析非线性光学介质中的光传播。最后，假设球形对称的扰动，我们计算三维玻色气体的声波数据包的形状。
We employ the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study acoustic emission generated in a uniform Bose gas by a static impurity. The impurity excites a sound-wave packet, which propagates through the gas. We calculate the shape of this wave packet in the limit of long wave lengths, and argue that it is possible to extract properties of the impurity by observing this shape. We illustrate here this possibility for a Bose gas with a trapped impurity atom -- an example of a relevant experimental setup. Presented results are general for all one-dimensional systems described by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and can also be used in nonatomic systems, e.g., to analyze light propagation in nonlinear optical media. Finally, we calculate the shape of the sound-wave packet for a three-dimensional Bose gas assuming a spherically symmetric perturbation.
