论文标题
商业量子随机数生成器的独立质量评估
Independent quality assessment of a commercial quantum random number generator
论文作者
论文摘要
我们反向工程，测试和分析来自ID Quantique的商业量子光随机数生成器量化的硬件和固件。我们表明，其> 99％的输出数据源于物理随机过程：半导体材料中光子吸收的随机时机以及由于影响电离而导致的雪崩随机生长。在强烈的假设是，这些过程对应于对组件最初纯净状态的测量，我们的分析意味着生成的随机性的不可预测性。我们还发现了探测器电子设备缺陷和该特定设备的内部处理算法的少量非随机贡献。我们的工作表明，可以验证商业量子光随机性源的设计质量，而无需制造商合作，而无需访问工程文档。
We reverse-engineer, test and analyse hardware and firmware of the commercial quantum-optical random number generator Quantis from ID Quantique. We show that > 99% of its output data originates in physically random processes: random timing of photon absorption in a semiconductor material, and random growth of avalanche owing to impact ionisation. Under a strong assumption that these processes correspond to a measurement of an initially pure state of the components, our analysis implies the unpredictability of the generated randomness. We have also found minor non-random contributions from imperfections in detector electronics and an internal processing algorithm, specific to this particular device. Our work shows that the design quality of a commercial quantum-optical randomness source can be verified without cooperation of the manufacturer and without access to the engineering documentation.
