论文标题
Bloch球体中的量子量子热力学不平衡：温度和内部熵产生
Out-of-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics in the Bloch sphere: temperature and internal entropy production
论文作者
论文摘要
在与环境弱相互作用的假设下，获得了开放两级量子系统温度的显式表达。该温度定义为平衡状态和平衡状态，并且如果系统与热储层达到热平衡，则与环境温度相吻合。此外，我们表明，在这个理论框架内，总熵产生可以分为两个贡献：一个是由于传热，另一个与内部不可逆性相关，这与量子的内部连贯性丧失有关。建立了热容量的积极性，及其与热平衡结果众所周知的结果的一致性。我们将这些概念应用于两个不同的系统，并表明它们以类似的方式表现为经典的同行。
An explicit expression for the temperature of an open two-level quantum system is obtained as a function of local properties, under the hypothesis of weak interaction with the environment. This temperature is defined for both equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium states, and coincides with the environment temperature if the system reaches thermal equilibrium with a heat reservoir. Additionally, we show that within this theoretical framework the total entropy production can be partitioned into two contributions: one due to heat transfer, and another, associated to internal irreversibilities, related to the loss of internal coherence by the qubit. The positiveness of the heat capacity is established, as well as its consistency with the well known results at thermal equilibrium. We apply these concepts to two different systems, and show that they behave in analogous ways as their classical counterparts.
