论文标题
慢电子与近场光的强烈相互作用从第一原理访问
Strong interaction of slow electrons with near-field light visited from first principles
论文作者
论文摘要
光和物质波之间的强烈相互作用，例如电子显微镜中的电子束，最近成为理解纠缠的新工具。在这里，我们系统地研究了第一原则的电子光相互作用。我们表明，由于同时经典的后坐力和量子机械光子的吸收和发射过程，涉及与等离子纳米颗粒相互作用的慢速电子波袋的系统可以实现增强的耦合。对于纵向宽度的慢电子比纳米颗粒的尺寸长，慢电子和等离子振荡之间的相匹配表现为控制耦合强度的额外自由度。我们的发现为超越绝热近似值的电子光相互作用的系统和现实理解铺平了道路，并为实现纠缠的电子 - 光子系统以及涉及光和物质波的玻色子采样设备而奠定了基础。
Strong interaction between light and matter waves, such as electron beams in electron microscopes, has recently emerged as a new tool for understanding entanglement. Here, we systematically investigate electron-light interactions from first principles. We show that enhanced coupling can be achieved for systems involving slow electron wavepackets interacting with plasmonic nanoparticles, due to simultaneous classical recoil and quantum mechanical photon absorption and emission processes. For slow electrons with longitudinal broadenings longer than the dimensions of nanoparticles, phase-matching between slow electrons and plasmonic oscillations is manifested as an additional degree of freedom to control the strength of coupling. Our findings pave the way towards a systematic and realistic understanding of electron-light interactions beyond adiabatic approximations, and lay the ground for realization of entangled electron-photon systems and Boson-sampling devices involving light and matter waves.
