论文标题
非铁量量子杂质的拉姆西干涉法
Ramsey interferometry of non-Hermitian quantum impurities
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍了一种拉姆西脉冲方案，该方案提取与任意lindblad动力学相关的非热汉密尔顿人。我们提出了一个实用的方案，可以通过干涉法测量一个通用的loschmidt回声，该循环是与非富甲米顿本身一起演变的通用状态，并且我们将该方案应用于一维弱相互作用的玻色气体，并偶联，并偶联到随机的原子不良性。 Loschmidt Echo被映射到功能积分中，我们从中计算出任意杂质强度时的长时间破裂动力学。为了进行强大的耗散，我们揭示了量子多体zeno效应的现象学：对杂质自我能量产生的脱谐成分的校正纯粹是虚构的，与小耗散的状态相反，它们会增强量子相干的衰减。我们的结果说明了采用拉姆齐干涉法研究凝结物质和冷原子系统中的耗散量子杂质的实验前景。
We introduce a Ramsey pulse scheme which extracts the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian associated to an arbitrary Lindblad dynamics. We propose a realted protocol to measure via interferometry a generalised Loschmidt echo of a generic state evolving in time with the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian itself, and we apply the scheme to a one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas coupled to a stochastic atomic impurity. The Loschmidt echo is mapped into a functional integral from which we calculate the long-time decohering dynamics at arbitrary impurity strengths. For strong dissipation we uncover the phenomenology of a quantum many-body Zeno effect: corrections to the decoherence exponent resulting from the impurity self-energy becomes purely imaginary, in contrast to the regime of small dissipation where they instead enhance the decay of quantum coherences. Our results illustrate the prospects for experiments employing Ramsey interferometry to study dissipative quantum impurities in condensed matter and cold atoms systems.
