论文标题
天然气巨头周围的单月系统的形成
Formation of single-moon systems around gas giants
论文作者
论文摘要
已经提出了几种机制来解释卫星系统的形成过程，并且认为相对较大的月亮被认为是在圆盘上出生的。众所周知，制造单次系统比多个月或无月的系统更加困难。我们的目标是找到一种用单个大月亮（例如土星周围的泰坦）形成系统的方法。我们检查卫星的轨道迁移，这些轨道迁移会改变其方向和速度，具体取决于磁盘的特性。我们对散开磁盘进行了建模，并考虑了温度结构的效果，并计算了泰坦 - 质量卫星在各种圆周磁盘的最后进化阶段的轨道演化。我们还对最初有多个卫星的系统进行了N体模拟，以查看单次系统是否仍保留在最后。以灰尘不透明度为特征的磁盘 - 温度结构的径向斜率产生了一块轨道，其中泰坦 - 质量卫星在磁盘粘度的一定范围内停止向内迁移，甚至在向外迁移。该补丁有助于最初位于外轨道中的月球保留在磁盘中，而内轨道中的轨道则落在行星上。我们首次证明系统可以形成在巨型行星周围只有一个大月亮的系统。我们的N体模拟表明，卫星形成在圆周磁盘的外部半径上并不有效。
Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation process of satellite systems, and relatively large moons are thought to be born in circumplanetary disks. Making a single-moon system is known to be more difficult than multiple-moon or moonless systems. We aim to find a way to form a system with a single large moon, such as Titan around Saturn. We examine the orbital migration of moons, which change their direction and speed depending on the properties of circumplanetary disks. We modeled dissipating circumplanetary disks with taking the effect of temperature structures into account and calculated the orbital evolution of Titan-mass satellites in the final evolution stage of various circumplanetary disks. We also performed N-body simulations of systems that initially had multiple satellites to see whether single-moon systems remained at the end. The radial slope of the disk-temperature structure characterized by the dust opacity produces a patch of orbits in which the Titan-mass moons cease inward migration and even migrate outward in a certain range of the disk viscosity. The patch assists moons initially located in the outer orbits to remain in the disk, while those in the inner orbits fall onto the planet. We demonstrate for the first time that systems can form that have only one large moon around giant planet. Our N-body simulations suggest satellite formation was not efficient in the outer radii of circumplanetary disks.
