论文标题
根据AGASA MUON测量结果估计的空气淋浴模拟中的MUON赤字
Muon deficit in air shower simulations estimated from AGASA muon measurements
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项工作中，分析了Akeno巨型空气淋浴阵列（AGASA）获得的淋浴轴的直接测量，以$ 1000 \，\ textrm {m} $的直接测量。所选事件具有Zenith Ancles $θ\ leq 36^{\ textrm {o}} $，并在$ 18.83 \，\ leq \，\ log_ {10}（e_ {e_ {r}/\ textrm {ev}）\，\ leq leq leq leq leq leq leq \ leq \ leq \ leq \ leq \ leq \，19.46 $中。将这些与使用高能量的HADRONIC相互作用模型EPOS-LHC，QGSJETII-04和Sibyll2.3C获得的质子，铁和混合组成方案相对应进行比较。混合组成方案的质量分数是从Pierre Auger协作执行的淋浴最大分布深度的。来自光谱工作组的跨校准能量表[D.伊万诺夫（Ivanov），用于Pierre Auger合作和望远镜阵列合作，POS（ICRC2017）498（2017）]用于结合不同实验的结果。分析表明，与混合组成方案预测的数据相对于较重的组成，AGASA数据与较重的组成兼容。将其解释为空气淋浴模拟中的鼻腔赤字，量化了不相容性。从AGASA数据获得的MUON密度大于混合组成方案的MUON密度，$ 1.49 \ pM0.11 \，\ textrm {（stat）} \ pm0.18 \，\ textrm {（Syst）} $， $ 1.54 \ pM0.12 \，\ textrm {（stat）} \ pm0.18 \，\ textrm {（syst）} $和$ 1.66 \ pm0.13 \，\，\，\ textrm {（stat）} QGSJETII-04。
In this work, direct measurements of the muon density at $1000\,\textrm{m}$ from the shower axis obtained by the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA) are analysed. The selected events have zenith angles $θ\leq 36^{\textrm{o}}$ and reconstructed energies in the range $18.83\,\leq\,\log_{10}(E_{R}/\textrm{eV})\,\leq\,19.46$. These are compared to the predictions corresponding to proton, iron, and mixed composition scenarios obtained by using the high-energy hadronic interaction models EPOS-LHC, QGSJetII-04, and Sibyll2.3c. The mass fractions of the mixed composition scenarios are taken from the fits to the depth of the shower maximum distributions performed by the Pierre Auger Collaboration. The cross-calibrated energy scale from the Spectrum Working Group [D. Ivanov, for the Pierre Auger Collaboration and the Telescope Array Collaboration, PoS(ICRC2017) 498 (2017)] is used to combine results from different experiments. The analysis shows that the AGASA data are compatible with a heavier composition with respect to the one predicted by the mixed composition scenarios. Interpreting this as a muon deficit in air shower simulations, the incompatibility is quantified. The muon density obtained from AGASA data is greater than that of the mixed composition scenarios by a factor of $1.49\pm0.11\,\textrm{(stat)}\pm0.18\,\textrm{(syst)}$, $1.54\pm0.12\,\textrm{(stat)}\pm0.18\,\textrm{(syst)}$, and $1.66\pm0.13\,\textrm{(stat)}\pm0.20\,\textrm{(syst)}$ for EPOS-LHC, Sibyll2.3c, and QGSJetII-04, respectively.
