论文标题
超快X射线散射：化学反应动力学的新观点
Ultrafast X-Ray Scattering: New Views of Chemical Reaction Dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
具有很高亮度的超快脉冲X射线自由电子激光器的出现使得能够确定激发态中中小型有机分子的瞬时分子结构，并使用X射线散射进行化学动力学。本章介绍了X射线散射理论，并考虑了与实验实施有关的几个重要方面。超快气相X射线散射显示可通过提供完整的，时间依赖的分子结构来提供新的可观察物来阐明化学反应的动力学。考虑到远离它们的平衡的分子和分子时分子的电子密度分布的变化，在分析中需要考虑分子的电子密度分布的变化。预计未来的技术发展将带来进一步的重要进展。
The advent of ultrafast pulsed X-ray free-electron lasers with very high brightness has enabled the determination of transient molecular structures of small and medium-sized organic molecules in excited states and undergoing chemical dynamics using X-ray scattering. This chapter provides an introduction into X-ray scattering theory and considers several important aspects relating to the experimental implementation. Ultrafast gas phase X-ray scattering is shown to provide new observables to elucidate the dynamics of chemical reactions by providing complete, time-dependent molecular structures. Consideration of correlations between structural parameters are important for molecules far from their equilibrium and the changes in electron density distributions of molecules upon optical excitation need to be considered in the analysis. Future technological developments are expected to lead to further important advances.
