论文标题
恒星形成区域中分形结构的动力演化
Dynamical evolution of fractal structures in star-forming regions
论文作者
论文摘要
Q参数被广泛用于量化恒星形成区域中恒星和气体的空间分布以及较旧的簇和关联。它使用最小跨越树的平均长度与完整图SBAR中的平均长度的平均长度的比率量化了结构量。 Q参数的解释通常依赖于将观察到的Q,MBAR和SBAR的值与理想化的合成几何形状进行比较,在观察到的恒星形成区域与合成区域之间几乎没有匹配。我们在N体模拟中测量Q,MBAR和SBAR超过10 MYR,与IC 348,NGC 1333和ONC进行了比较。对于每个恒星形成区域,我们建立了模拟,以近似其初始条件,以结合不同的病毒性口粮和分形维度。我们发现,理想化的分形几何形状的动态演化可以解释附近恒星形成区域中观察到的Q,MBAR和SBAR值。通常,最初的分形恒星形成区域倾向于发展变得更加光滑和集中浓缩。但是,我们表明,初始条件以及定义区域边缘的位置,可能会在恒星形成区域在MBAR-SBAR跨越的路径上造成显着差异。我们警告说,观察到的Q参数不应直接与理想的几何形状进行比较。取而代之的是,应使用它来确定恒星形成区域在空间下是稳定的或平滑且集中浓缩的程度。
The Q-parameter is used extensively to quantify the spatial distributions of stars and gas in star-forming regions as well as older clusters and associations. It quantifies the amount of structure using the ratio of the average length of a minimum spanning tree, mbar, to the average length within the complete graph, sbar. The interpretation of the Q-parameter often relies on comparing observed values of Q, mbar and sbar to idealised synthetic geometries, where there is little or no match between the observed star-forming regions and the synthetic regions. We measure Q, mbar, and sbar over 10 Myr in N-body simulations which are compared to IC 348, NGC 1333, and the ONC. For each star-forming region we set up simulations that approximate their initial conditions for a combination of different virial rations and fractal dimensions. We find that dynamical evolution of idealised fractal geometries can account for the observed Q, mbar, and sbar values in nearby star-forming regions. In general, an initially fractal star-forming region will tend to evolve to become more smooth and centrally concentrated. However, we show that initial conditions, as well as where the edge of the region is defined, can cause significant differences in the path that a star-forming region takes across the mbar-sbar plot as it evolves. We caution that the observed Q-parameter should not be directly compared to idealised geometries. Instead, it should be used to determine the degree to which a star-forming region is either spatially substructured or smooth and centrally concentrated.