论文标题
超声图像分割的微调U-NET:哪些层?
Fine tuning U-Net for ultrasound image segmentation: which layers?
论文作者
论文摘要
为了克服医疗应用程序中稀缺和昂贵数据的问题,对已经在大型数据集上进行培训的网络进行了微调网络。尽管网络的浅层层通常保持不变,但根据新数据集对更深的层进行修改。由于外观截然不同,这种方法可能不适用于超声图像。在这项研究中,我们研究了对U-NET的不同层进行微调层的效果,U-NET对乳房超声图像分割的自然图像进行了训练。与修复缩合零件并调整扩展部分相比,调整合同部分并固定扩展的零件可以取得更好的结果。此外,我们表明,与从深层从深层恢复到浅层层的网络相比,从浅层开始微调U-NET并逐渐包括更多的层。我们没有观察到与超声相比具有不同显着特征的X射线图像的分割结果相同的结果,因此可以更合适地微调浅层而不是深层。浅层学习较低级别的特征(包括斑点模式,可能是噪声和人工制品属性),这在这种模式下对自动分割至关重要。
Fine-tuning a network which has been trained on a large dataset is an alternative to full training in order to overcome the problem of scarce and expensive data in medical applications. While the shallow layers of the network are usually kept unchanged, deeper layers are modified according to the new dataset. This approach may not work for ultrasound images due to their drastically different appearance. In this study, we investigated the effect of fine-tuning different layers of a U-Net which was trained on segmentation of natural images in breast ultrasound image segmentation. Tuning the contracting part and fixing the expanding part resulted in substantially better results compared to fixing the contracting part and tuning the expanding part. Furthermore, we showed that starting to fine-tune the U-Net from the shallow layers and gradually including more layers will lead to a better performance compared to fine-tuning the network from the deep layers moving back to shallow layers. We did not observe the same results on segmentation of X-ray images, which have different salient features compared to ultrasound, it may therefore be more appropriate to fine-tune the shallow layers rather than deep layers. Shallow layers learn lower level features (including speckle pattern, and probably the noise and artifact properties) which are critical in automatic segmentation in this modality.