论文标题
活物质的热力学周期
Thermodynamic cycles with active matter
论文作者
论文摘要
主动物质不断消散能量以动力其显微镜成分的自我推广。这为设计创新的循环发动机打开了大门,没有任何平衡等效的。我们提供一个一致的热力学框架来表征和优化此类周期的性能。基于最小模型,我们提出了一个协议,该协议仅通过控制边界处的狭窄壁的特性来提取工作,并合理化最佳周期之间的过渡。我们表明,相应的功率和效率通常是比例的,因此与热周期相比,它们在同一周期时达到其最大值,并且我们提供了限制功率波动的通用关系。
Active matter constantly dissipates energy to power the self-propulsion of its microscopic constituents. This opens the door to designing innovative cyclic engines without any equilibrium equivalent. We offer a consistent thermodynamic framework to characterize and optimize the performances of such cycles. Based on a minimal model, we put forward a protocol which extracts work by controlling only the properties of the confining walls at boundaries, and we rationalize the transitions between optimal cycles. We show that the corresponding power and efficiency are generally proportional, so that they reach their maximum values at same cycle time in contrast with thermal cycles, and we provide a generic relation constraining the fluctuations of the power.