论文标题
资源消费者模型的动态持久性
Dynamical persistence in resource-consumer models
论文作者
论文摘要
我们展示了高度多样性的生态群落如何通过资源竞争互动并从物种池迁移时表现出持续的丰度波动。事实证明,这与已实现的物种多样性与资源数量的比率密切相关。该比率是通过竞争来确定的,是通过被赶出和入侵的物种之间的平衡。当该比率小于一个比率时,动力学将达到稳定的平衡。当该比率大于一个比率时,固定点是不稳定或略有稳定的,如竞争排除原则所预期的那样。如果它们不稳定,则该系统将从固定点排斥,并且丰富的量永远波动。虽然原则上允许和预测一些模型,但它们在高度多样性下在结构上变得不稳定。这意味着即使对模型的小变化,例如资源结合以产生物种增长的非线性性,也会导致持续的丰度波动。
We show how highly-diverse ecological communities may display persistent abundance fluctuations, when interacting through resource competition and subjected to migration from a species pool. This turns out to be closely related to the ratio of realized species diversity to the number of resources. This ratio is set by competition, through the balance between species being pushed out and invading. When this ratio is smaller than one, dynamics will reach stable equilibria. When this ratio is larger than one, fixed-points are either unstable or marginally stable, as expected by the competitive exclusion principle. If they are unstable, the system is repelled from fixed points, and abundances forever fluctuate. While marginally-stable fixed points are in principle allowed and predicted by some models, they become structurally unstable at high diversity. This means that even small changes to the model, such as non-linearities in how resources combine to generate species' growth, will result in persistent abundance fluctuations.