论文标题
重力波在银河核中被中质质量黑洞捕获
Gravitational-wave captures by intermediate-mass black holes in galactic nuclei
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管在任何合理的怀疑中，尚未发现中间质量的黑洞（IMBH），尽管它们作为类星体和潮汐破坏事件的巨大种子，超充实的X射线源，矮星系反馈和超级广播恒星的潜在作用。引力波（GW）的观察结果可以帮助找到和确认IMBH的存在。当前和即将到来的探测器，例如Ligo，处女座，Kagra，Lisa和Decigo，有望确定从恒星质量到超级质量黑洞（SMBHS）的全范围。在本文中，我们解决了IMBH是否可以在银河核中产生GW的问题。我们认为恒星黑洞（SBHS）形成结合系统，然后通过密集核中的重力捕获与IMBH结合的可能性。我们证明，这种机制对于IMBH群体$ \ sim 3 \ times 10^3 $ m $ _ \ odot $ - $ 2 \ times 10^4 $ m $ _ \ odot $有效。我们发现，峰值频率和合并时标的典型分布主要取决于IMBH质量。 In particular, the typical peak frequency is about $0.2\,$Hz, $0.1\,$Hz, $0.09\,$Hz, and $0.05\,$Hz for $M_{\rm IMBH}=5\times 10^3$ M$_\odot$, $8\times 10^3$ M$_\odot$, $1\times 10^4$ M $ _ \ odot $和$ 2 \ times 10^4 $ m $ _ \ odot $。我们的结果表明，在设计敏感性下，Decigo和ET都应该能够检测这些IMBH-SBH合并。此外，大多数合并将显得古怪（$ e \ gtrsim 0.1 $），这表明其动态起源。
Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) have not been detected beyond any reasonable doubt, despite their potential role as massive seeds for quasars and sources of tidal disruption events, ultra-luminous X-ray sources, dwarf galaxy feedback, and hypervelocity stars. Gravitational wave (GW) observations can help to find and confirm the existence of IMBHs. Current and upcoming detectors, such as LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, LISA, ET, and DECIGO promise to identify the full range from stellar-mass to supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In this paper, we address the question of whether IMBHs can produce GWs in galactic nuclei. We consider the possibility that stellar black holes (SBHs) form bound systems and later coalesce with an IMBH through gravitational captures in the dense nucleus. We show that this mechanism is efficient for IMBH masses in the range $\sim 3\times 10^3$ M$_\odot$--$2\times 10^4$ M$_\odot$. We find that the typical distributions of peak frequencies and merger timescales depend mainly on the IMBH mass. In particular, the typical peak frequency is about $0.2\,$Hz, $0.1\,$Hz, $0.09\,$Hz, and $0.05\,$Hz for $M_{\rm IMBH}=5\times 10^3$ M$_\odot$, $8\times 10^3$ M$_\odot$, $1\times 10^4$ M$_\odot$, and $2\times 10^4$ M$_\odot$, respectively. Our results show that, at design sensitivity, both DECIGO and ET should be able to detect these IMBH--SBH mergers. Furthermore, most of the mergers will appear eccentric ($e \gtrsim 0.1$), providing an indication of their dynamical origin.
