论文标题

三个穿过演变的星星Epic 249893012:热8.8-m $ _ \ oplus $超级地球和两个温暖的14.7和10.2-m $ _ \ oplus $ sub-neptunes

Three planets transiting the evolved star EPIC 249893012: a hot 8.8-M$_\oplus$ super-Earth and two warm 14.7 and 10.2-M$_\oplus$ sub-Neptunes

论文作者

Hidalgo, D., Pallé, E., Alonso, R., Gandolfi, D., Fridlund, M., Nowak, G., Luque, R., Hirano, T., Justesen, A. B., Cochran, W. D., Barragan, O., Spina, L., Rodler, F., Albrecht, S., Anderson, D., Amado, P., Bryant, E., Caballero, J. A., Cabrera, J., Csizmadia, Sz., Dai, F., De Leon, J., Deeg, H. J., Eigmuller, Ph., Endl, M., Erikson, A., Esposito, M., Figueira, P., Georgieva, I., Grziwa, S., Guenther, E., Hatzes, A. P., Hjorth, M., Hoeijmakers, H. J., Kabath, P., Korth, J., Kuzuhara, M., Lafarga, M., Lampon, M., Leao, I. C., Livingston, J., Mathur, S., Montanes-Rodriguez, P., Morales, J. C., Murgas, F., Nagel, E., Narita, N., Nielsen, L. D., Patzold, M., Persson, C. M., Prieto-Arranz, J., Quirrenbach, A., Rauer, H., Redfield, S., Reiners, A., Ribas, I., Smith, A. M. S., Subjak, J., Van Eylen, V., Wilson, P. A.

论文摘要

我们报告了一个新的行星系统的发现,该系统具有三个透过行星,一个超级地球和两个子纳普,该轨道Epic \,249893012,g8 \,iv-v进化的恒星($ m_ \ star $ \,= \,= \,,1.05 \,1.05 \,$ \ pm $ \,0.055 \,$ mm_,$ m, $ r_ \ star $ \,= \,1.71 \,$ \ pm $ \,0.04 \,$ r_ \ odot $,$ t_ \ mathrm {eff} $ \,= 5430 \,$ \ pm $ \ $ \ $ \,85 \,k)。星星只是离开主序列。我们将\ ktwo \光度法与IRCS自适应 - 镜头成像和竖琴,HARPS-N和CARMENES高精度径向径向速度测量结果相结合,以确认行星系统,确定恒星参数,并测量三个行星的放射线,质量和三个行星密度。轨道周期为$ 3.5949^{+0.0007} _ { - 0.0007} $ days,质量为$ 8.75^{+1.09} _ { - 1.08} \ m _ {\ m _ {\ m_ {\ oplus} $,以及半径为$ 1.95^{+0.09} _09} _} r _ {\ oplus} $,内行星B与镍铁核和硅酸盐套件兼容($ρ_b= 6.39^{+1.19} _ { - 1.04} $ g cm $^{ - 3} $)。行星C和d的轨道周期为$ 15.624^{+0.001} _ { - 0.001} $和$ 35.747^{+0.005} _ { - 0.005} $ days,分别具有群众和radii和radii and radii and radi of $ 14.67^{+1,84} _.84} _.84} _.84}。和$ 3.67^{+0.17} _ { - 0.14} \ r _ {\ oplus} $和$ 10.18^{+2.46} _ { - 2.42} \ m _ {\ m _ {\ oplus} $分别产生$ 1.62^{+0.30} _ { - 0.29} $和$ 0.91^{+0.25} _ { - 0.23} $ g cm $^{ - 3} $的平均密度。行星B的半径位于岩石和气态行星之间的过渡区域,但其密度与岩石成分一致。它的半轴轴和暴露于行星的相应光蒸发水平可能解释了当今的测量密度。相反,行星C和D的密度和半轴轴表明气氛非常厚。该系统的奇异性绕着仅离开主要序列的略微发展的恒星,使其成为从动力学角度进行更深入研究的良好候选者。

We report the discovery of a new planetary system with three transiting planets, one super-Earth and two sub-Neptunes, that orbit EPIC\,249893012, a G8\,IV-V evolved star ($M_\star$\,=\,1.05\,$\pm$\,0.05\,$M_\odot$, $R_\star$\,=\,1.71\,$\pm$\,0.04\,$R_\odot$, $T_\mathrm{eff}$\,=5430\,$\pm$\,85\,K). The star is just leaving the main sequence. We combined \ktwo \ photometry with IRCS adaptive-optics imaging and HARPS, HARPS-N, and CARMENES high-precision radial velocity measurements to confirm the planetary system, determine the stellar parameters, and measure radii, masses, and densities of the three planets. With an orbital period of $3.5949^{+0.0007}_{-0.0007}$ days, a mass of $8.75^{+1.09}_{-1.08}\ M_{\oplus}$ , and a radius of $1.95^{+0.09}_{-0.08}\ R_{\oplus}$, the inner planet b is compatible with nickel-iron core and a silicate mantle ($ρ_b= 6.39^{+1.19}_{-1.04}$ g cm$^{-3}$). Planets c and d with orbital periods of $15.624^{+0.001}_{-0.001}$ and $35.747^{+0.005}_{-0.005}$ days, respectively, have masses and radii of $14.67^{+1,84}_{-1.89}\ M_{\oplus}$ and $3.67^{+0.17}_{-0.14}\ R_{\oplus}$ and $10.18^{+2.46}_{-2.42}\ M_{\oplus}$ and $3.94^{+0.13}_{-0.12}\ R_{\oplus}$, respectively, yielding a mean density of $1.62^{+0.30}_{-0.29}$ and $0.91^{+0.25}_{-0.23}$ g cm$^{-3}$, respectively. The radius of planet b lies in the transition region between rocky and gaseous planets, but its density is consistent with a rocky composition. Its semimajor axis and the corresponding photoevaporation levels to which the planet has been exposed might explain its measured density today. In contrast, the densities and semimajor axes of planets c and d suggest a very thick atmosphere. The singularity of this system, which orbits a slightly evolved star that is just leaving the main sequence, makes it a good candidate for a deeper study from a dynamical point of view.

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